Stimulus And Brand Selection - 1125 Words

This study is an attempt to fill the gaps identified in the available literature on the association of stimulus and brand selection. The present study measured the stimulus and its impact on brand selection or purchase decision in the Indian online retail. To assess this relationship, different models have been designed to investigate and measure the stimulus. For investigation purposes, a qualitative model has been developed and presented in Chapters earlier. This model prioritized the various factors of stimulus in context of the online retail. Next to this, the measurement aspect of stimulus was addressed by the development of a quantitative model shown in Chapters earlier. This model has been used to develop and validate the scale for the measurement of stimulus in the Indian online retail. The present study comprises of the following: †¢ A broad and thorough literature review has been conducted on the association of stimulus and brand purchase decision. The literature review consists of the evolution and definitions of individual, technology and societal groups and brand purchase decision, a classification of available literature, and various factors which constitute Stimulus in S-O-R model. Based on this basis of this review, gaps, and a research agenda was identified which provided a sound base to conduct the present study. †¢ A literature review of the methodologies used in this field of study was also conducted. These methodologies were Analytical Hierarchy ProcessShow MoreRelatedSummary of Chapter 6 consumer behavior830 Words   |  4 PagesPerception Sensation is the immediate and direct response of the sensory organs (5 senses) to stimuli. Sensation itself depend on energy within the environment where the perception occurs. For example: Mainly sight sound smell (SIA e.g) and a stimulus is any unit of input to any of the senses. The absolute threshold is the lowest level at which an individual can experience a sensation. For example: Consumers adapt and get used to a certain ad or message so no longer notice it. Differential ThresholdRead MoreConsumer Behaviour Short Report - Selective Attention How It Affects Consumers1111 Words   |  5 Pagesreject which messages resonate with them according to their own needs, wants and other lifestyle factors that form the basis for selective attention. In particular Avery Baker’s explanation of the late selection theory of selective attention allows consumers to make decisions of selection or rejection of stimuli after they have been presented with the information.[i] This will be discussed in more detail later in this report with an example of the importance of colours in branding across theRead MoreCustomer Personality And The Product Selection Process Essay1178 Words   |  5 Pagesmarket into smaller homogeneous subsets of consumers with similar needs, wants and characteristics. Researchers might be able to predict customer s behavior by studying if there are any relations between customer s personality and the product selection process. A key success for any business is to communicate with its customers better than competitors by understanding who its customers are and what they want. The more specific costumers are segmented, the easier a business will understand its customersRead MoreWhat Is Self- Congruity And Cons umer Behaviour?1406 Words   |  6 PagesLITERATURE REVIEW OF PUBLISHED JOURNAL ARTICLES Several journal articles have been published in relation to the concept of self- congruity and consumer behaviour. It is seen that different articles focus on developing brand personality and image, pertaining to a specific field. In case of tourism industries, it is seen that self- congruity plays a very major role, even though destination branding is different from that of any normal product or service (Usakli Ahmet, 2009,p.1). The research on destinationRead MoreCustomer Personality And The Product Selection Process Essay1178 Words   |  5 Pagesmarket into smaller homogeneous subsets of consumers with similar needs, wants and characteristics. Researchers might be able to predict customer s behavior by studying if there are any relations between customer s personality and the product selection process. A key success for any business is to communicate with its customers better than competitors by understanding who its customers are and what they want. The more precisely costumers are segmented, the easier a business will understand itsRead Moreconsumer behaviour1622 Words   |  7 Pagesmodel is the stimulus. The consumer ¡Ã‚ ¦s decision processes act upon this stimulus in order to determine a response to it. These models attempt to explain each stage and show interrelated between the stages of consumer buyer behaviour from the stimulus, through the purchase to post purchase behaviour. The Howard-Sheth model (1969) is a learning model designed to explain the brand choice of an individual faced with several choice alternatives. This model is an attempt to explain rational brand choice behaviourRead MoreQualitative Analysis Of Starbucks1286 Words   |  6 Pagescommodities mixture with additional brand names contained by its portfolio of corporations, which comprise of Teavana, Tazo, Seattle’s Best Coffee, Starbucks VIA, Starbucks Refreshers, Evolution Fresh, La Boulange and Verismo. Part A: Subjects United States Army professionals ranking from Sergeant Frist Class E-7 to Command Sergeant Major Part B: Two qualitative techniques to the study There are many ways to expose the categories of correlations connected to a brand and their conforming power, attachmentRead MoreThe Distribution Channels of Mary Kay Cosmetics702 Words   |  3 Pageschannels like on the Internet or social medias? Because consumer need get familiar with the brand mainly Millennials and it gives them the choice of becoming brand loyal without having to wait for someone to go to their house and than wait 3 weeks to get their makeup. Millennials like to have control of their buying habit and adding more distributions will help get them get familiar and want to use the brand. The distributions channels that will work for Mary Kay would be opening an online store whereRead MoreTheory of Perception and Its Implications for Marketers6030 Words   |  25 Pagesconsumer attributes to a brand or product. Customer’s perception can be influenced by personal, situational and stimulus factors. Image is the long lasting perception of a brand and influences consumers’ buying decision. A positive image results in economic benefits. The link between perception and image is the positioning. There are five major positioning strategies through which marketers can change consumers’ perception of a brand and thus alter the image of a product or brand. In the next sectionRead MoreCereal Aisle Analysis Essay1251 Words   |  6 Pagesderived from a product that helps the consumer solve problems or accomplish task. The female consumer in the dairy section looked at several different brands of lactose free milk. The value she would receive in purchasing lactose free milk would be her being able to enjoy dairy products. But the female consumer in the dairy section didn’t make a selection. This would lead me to believe that the options available to her did not meet her standards of value. 4. Pick two specific consumers that seemed to

Julius Caesar - William Shakespeare - 731 Words

1. Julius Caesar – William Shakespeare a. Plot: Romans are going crazy over Julius Caesar. Even though he’s just a senator, the treatment is a bit more royal. Some of the other elite aren’t so happy that the little people like him so much. Caesar is warned, â€Å"beware the ides of march,† which he promptly ignores. Cassius, a worried upper class man, grooms Brutus, a good man, to be sure of himself and to worry about Caesar. Brutus tends to represent the morality and public opinion. The upper class learn that Mark Antony, Caesar’s right hand man, offered Caesar the crown three times which he, â€Å"thrice refused.† Rome has some bad weather. Brutus receives a letter supposedly from the people decrying Caesar, but that might not be so true. Brutus, Cassius, and some other upper class agree to kill and dethrone Caesar. Caesar wakes up in the morning and prepare to go to the senate. His wife, Calpurnia, wants him to stay home. There have been many bad omens which she normally thinks not of but today she is scared. Cesar agrees; however, Decius a conspirator arrives and makes Caesar feel great and big. He entices Caesar with the crown and chides him for listening to a woman. Caesar receives a letter on the way to the Senate warning him of his impending doom, but confident Caesar saves it for later. Once at the senate, Caeser is stabbed, twenty-two times. He sees Brutus, a friend, and goes, â€Å"Et tu, Brute.† He then promptly dies. The conspirators have fun in the blood. Next scheming MarkShow MoreRelatedJulius Caesar by William Shakespeare646 Words   |  3 Pages William Shakespeare is one of the greatest playwrights of all time. He has written over 30 plays that include comedies, histories, and tragedies. A tragedy is about the downfall of a tragic hero, and the tragic hero is someone of greater power or high standing obtaining a flaw. One of Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies is the story of Julius Caesar. In this story, the main character, Julius Caesar, is plotted against his best friend, Brutus, and the head of the conspiracy, Cassius. After Caesar getsRead MoreJulius Caesar by William Shakespeare560 Words   |  2 Pages A tragedy is a story in where the main character obtains a flaw that leads to their downfall. This main character, called a tragic hero, possesses qualities that cause their demise. These qualities are called tragic flaws. In Julius Caesar, both Julius Caesar and Brutus can be seen as tragic heroes. However, Brutus is the most tragic hero of the two. The qualities that make Brutus a hero are also the qualities tha t lead to his downfall. He cares about everyone, and makes each decision for the goodRead MoreJulius Caesar by William Shakespeare2100 Words   |  9 PagesIn the play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, Mark Antony is depicted as a better leader than Brutus, due to his cunning use of rhetoric when addressing the plebeians after Caesar’s death. This essay will be divided into two sections to explore the ways in which Antony is depicted as better leader. The First section will contextualise the extracts used for analysis, and compare Brutus’s pedestrian speech with Mark Antony’s impressive oratory. This will be done by defining what rhetoric is, andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar1082 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Et tu, Brutà ©? Then fall Caesar† (III.i 179). The fatal stabs of the conspirators did not kill the all-mighty Julius Caesar, for the sharp butcher of Brutus pierced his heart and condemned his life to cessation. This dramatic, mo od changing affair serves as the pivotal platform in William Shakespeare’s, Julius Caesar. It is a compelling novel that recounts the unjust murder of Julius Caesar, an ancient Roman general. Oblivious to this conspicuous foreshadowing, Caesar fails to distinguish his trueRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar888 Words   |  4 Pagesof words? William Shakespeare, in his play Julius Caesar, demonstrates how brilliant command of the English language can convey a deeper depth of meaning than just the denotation of words. Towards the beginning of Julius Caesar, Shakespeare introduces Brutus, a close friend of Caesar, and Cassius, another honored Roman. Due to a fear of Caesar attempting to become emperor, Cassius wants to assassinate Caesar. With this desire, Cassius decides to add Brutus in his plot to eliminate Caesar, and togetherRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar Essay1833 Words   |  8 Pages INTRODUCTION The seemingly straightforward simplicity of â€Å"Julius Caesar† has made it a perennial favourite for almost 400 years. Despite its simplicity, almost Roman in nature, the play is rich both dramatically and thematically, and every generation since Shakespeare’s time has been able to identify with some political aspect of the play. The Victorians found a stoic, sympathetic character in Brutus and found Caesar unforgivably weak and tyrannical. As we move into the twenty-first century, audiencesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar1850 Words   |  8 Pages often has greater effects even than death itself. Such talented literary figures, such as William Shakespeare, recognized that a betrayal, especially that of a friend by a friend, constitutes one of the basest and darkest deeds of which humans are capable. Shakespeare was so intrigued by this concept that he instilled it in some of his greatest literary works. Although William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar provides a largely accurate and incredibly detailed record of the assassination of its namesakeRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar Essay2414 Words   |  10 Pages Christa Kiesling AP Lang Block 1 Mr. Snider 6 Nov. 2016 RA1 William Shakespeare, in his historical play Julius Caesar, makes the characters Brutus and Antony utilize rhetorical strategies in order to win the favour of the Roman people for their own purposes. These two speakers try to convince the audience of different things: where Brutus, who speaks first, was trying to subdue the passions of the mob and use logic to win acceptance for his murderous actions, Antony, who had to follow Brutus, wasRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar760 Words   |  4 Pagespeople of Rome. In Julius Caesar written by William Shakespeare, Brutus and Antony address the people over Caesar’s dead body. The body is brought to the town square shortly after he was murdered by the Senate. Brutus, one of the murderers, appeals to the people’s fear and patriotism. Antony speaks after and puts doubts of the justification of the murder and plays to the people’s hearts. Brutus addresses the crowd by using his reputation to support his reasons for killing Caesar. He starts his speechRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Julius Caesar804 Words   |  4 Pagesthe phenomenal, as well as tyrannical, Roman rulers throughout history, Julius Caesar is by far the most prominent. This fame is due in no small part to William Shakespeare and his play that bears the same name. However, although Caesar is the play’s namesake, the story’s central focus is on Brutus and Caius Cassius and their plot to assassinate Caesar. When discussing Antony’s fate in Act II scene 1 of Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, Brutus argues against what he perceives as the unnecessary and brutal

Public Administration Public Affairs ( Nicholas Henry ) free essay sample

Critical review of work on public management methodologies techniques policy formulation implementation. The purpose of this research is to review the book by Nicholas Henry, entitled Public Administration and Public Affairs (1995). This review will analyze the central themes of the work and address its strengths and weaknesses. Henry begins by explaining the role of public bureaucracy and public administration in democratic society. He notes that bureaucracy and democracy are in fact antithetical. Bureaucracy tends to be hierarchical in nature and elitist. Democracy, on the other hand, tends to be egalitarian in nature. But in order for a democratic society to function properly, the bureaucracy and democracy must be reconciled (p. 1). Bureaucracy represents the technological elite, the body of persons skilled in how to get things done. The democratic mass is charged with determining the direction of public policy, but it is the skilled..

Joseph Jones Essay Example

Joseph Jones Paper While some of the themes presented in Mametz Wood also appear elsewhere in Sheers poetry, I do not agree that it is key to the collection as it is not wholly typical. The most significant theme presented in Mametz Wood is the idea of loss, which is portrayed to some extent in almost all of Sheers poetry. This poem, however, is different as far as subject matter is concerned in that it deals with the loss of life during the war and the subsequent loss of national identity. Other poems in the collection are more concerned with the loss of love and the breakdown of romantic relationships, the most notable examples being Marking Time, Keyways and Valentine who explore the struggle for personal rather than collective identity. The poem which is most similar in subject matter to Mametz Wood is Joseph Jones. Mametz Wood, written as a response to the tragic Battle of the Somme, discusses the wasted young and twenty men buried in one long grave. In this poem he gives the soldiers who died a collective identity and prompts the reader to sympathise with them through the use of sinister imagery such as broken mosaic of bone and skeletons paused mid dance-macabre. Joseph Jones however, as the title of the poem suggests, remembers only one young man. While it is not made explicitly clear that he died in the war, the use of past tense of course I remember Joseph and nostalgic admiration suggests that this was the case. We will write a custom essay sample on Joseph Jones specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Joseph Jones specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Joseph Jones specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In Mametz Wood their youth is conveyed through phrases such as wasted young and boots that outlasted them, evoking pity in the reader. In Joseph Jones his youth is shown through phrases such as, fifty press ups before a night out, suggesting physical strength and fitness, and crude imagery typical of young males, including, told us all how he got his red wings, which is a reference to him losing his virginity. The key difference between the poem is that Mametz Wood remembers and mourns the dead, whereas Joseph Jones admires him, describing him as a small town myth and celebrates his life. However, although the relationship between the poems is clear regarding subject matter, their style is less similar. Mametz Wood is written emotively with a great deal of natural imagery which is more typical of the collection as a whole, whereas Joseph Jones is written simplistically. While they are both in stanzas, they are presented differently upon the page and the sentence structure is also different: Joseph Jones uses short sentences and lines to create suspense whereas Mametz Wood uses long sentences.

Air Arabia and Integrated Enterprise Planning

Air Arabia and Integrated Enterprise Planning Project Charter for implementation Enterprise Resource Planning System Company Profile Air Arabia started its operations in 2003 following a directive from His Highness Doctor Sheikh Sultan Bin Mohamed Al Qassimi (Air Arabia, 2013) . The firm later became a company limited by liability through incorporation. Air Arabia has two hubs with one of the hubs in its headquarters in Sharjah International Airport in the United Arab Emirates while the other hub is in Casablanca, Morocco (Air Arabia, 2013).The firm has more than 57 destinations specifically in Middle East, North Africa, Asia and Europe (Air Arabia, 2013)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Air Arabia and Integrated Enterprise Planning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Purpose Statement Air Arabia intends to install an Integrated Enterprise Planning system to aid its strategic objectives (Air Arabia, 2013). Scope Statement The project scope covers the following: iden tity integrating database, instructors’ compensation, employees, finance, public relations management, and data warehousing (Gulf News, 2005). Deliverables Enterprise Resource planning envisions three major deliverables. The first deliverable is system implementation where it is expected that the system will be in place as expected. Two, corporate process enhancement in which the system’s functionality remains without destroying efficiency and control (AME Info, 2005). Lastly, Enterprise Resource Planning should aid transfer of knowledge to equip intended users with proper information and to aid the company become more self-reliant. Goals and Objectives The overall goal is the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning system to meet the following objectives: improve the quality of Air Arabia online transactions, and human resource experience by way of self-service choices. Secondly, to design its corporate image for flight excellence and better passenger experienc e (Focus Soft Net, 2013). The third objective is designing of corporate intelligent techniques for improved decision making while the fourth is to improve the company’s corporate processes and lastly, to bring down information technology expenses and other expenses as well Stakeholders and Roles Main stakeholders include the sponsor, implementation steering committee, budget review committee, project director and consultant team leads. The sponsor, being the champion of the project offers strategic path for the project, obtains finance approval for the project, monitors continued commitment and collaborates with the implementation committee to ensure timely decisions (Focus Soft Net, 2013).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The implementation steering committee works to design the overall objective of the project, review and pass the project charter, avail nec essary resources and provide management assistance to the whole project team (Focus Soft Net, 2013). The budget review committee will review the budget accordingly on aspects like expenses, costs and meet on a monthly basis to advise the implementation steering committee. The project director endeavors to coordinate the project activities, offer administrative support, design and execute master project plan, and liaise with external stakeholders. Lastly, the consultant team leads will participate in the project administration process, and provide support in designing of a project plan (Focus Soft Net, 2013). Cost and Estimate Schedule The project is estimated to take up to 4 million US dollars spread over six phases estimated to go for two years. This cost includes purchase of software, consultancy, training of staff and initial maintenance (Focus Soft Net, 2013). Chain Of Command The project sponsor is the head of the project the chain proceeds as follows: Implementation committee, project director, technical lead, project coordinator, project consultants and various teams within the company (Air Arabia, 2013). Assumptions and Agreements The project has various risk factors. Insufficient funding may stall the project while different stakeholders may fail to play their role effectively. In addition, the scope of the project may introduce new risk exposures (Focus Soft Net, 2013). Communication Plan Communication will mainly take the form of the project charter itself, communication from the sponsor and proceedings of project status meetings (Focus Soft Net, 2013). References Air Arabia. (2013). Background. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Air Arabia and Integrated Enterprise Planning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More AME Info. (2005). Air Arabia Implements Focus Softnets ERP solution. Web. Focus Soft Net. (2013). Air Arabia. Web. Gulf News. (2005). Air Arabia Installs ERP Solution from Focu s. Web.

ADP 6-0 Mission Command Essays

ADP 6-0 Mission Command Essays ADP 6-0 Mission Command Paper ADP 6-0 Mission Command Paper What is Unified land operations the Army’s operational concept. accomplished through decisive action What is Mission Command the exercise of authority and direction by thecommander using mission orders to enable disciplined initiative within thecommander’s intent to empower agile and adaptive leaders in the conduct ofunified land operations. What is commander’s intent is a clear and concise expression of the purpose of the operation and the desired military end state that supports mission command What is Disciplined initiative is action in the absence of orders, when existing orders no longer fit the situation, or when unforeseen opportunities or threats arise What defines the limits within which subordinates may exercise initiative commander’s intent Commanders and subordinates are obligated to follow what lawful Orders Commanders and subordinates are obligated to follow what lawful Orders What are Mission orders directives that emphasize to subordinates the results to be attained, not how they are to achieve them What is Prudent risk a deliberate exposure to potential injury or loss when the commander judges the outcome in terms of mission accomplishment as worth the cost What is art of command the creative and skillful exercise of authority through timely decisionmaking and leadership. What is Authority the delegated power to judge, act, or command What is Control the regulation of forces and warfighting functions to accomplish themission in accordance with the commander’s intent What is science of control systems and procedures used to improve the commander’s understanding and support accomplishing missions. What is mission command warfighting function the related tasks and systems thatdevelop and integrate those activities enabling a commander to balance the art of command and the science of control in order to integrate the other warfighting functions What is mission command system the arrangement of personnel, networks, information systems, processes and procedures, and facilities and equipment that enable commanders to conduct operations What is an information system consists of equipment that collects, processes, stores, displays, anddisseminates information. includes computers- hardware and software- and communications, as well as policies and procedures for their use

Answer questions (TF) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Answer questions (TF) - Essay Example S. Constitution which abolished slavery, and the Fourteenth Amendment which prohibits certain restrictive legislation on the part of the states. 4. Justice Harlan dissented with the majority in Plessy and declared the U. S. Constitution as color-blind, in that in view of the U. S. Constitution, in the eye of the law, there is in this country no superior, dominant, ruling class of citizens. 5. In his dissent in Plessy, Justice Harlan pointed out that notwithstanding recent Amendments to the U. S. Constitution which supposedly eradicated the principle of Black Inferiority, in some states, whites asserted themselves as a dominant race, a superior class of citizens, who assumed to regulate the enjoyment of civil rights upon the basis of race. 6. Further in his dissent, Justice Harlan said that the judgment rendered in Plessy will in time, fade away and prove not to be as pernicious as the decision made by the same tribunal in the Dred Scott Case. 7. In the Court's holding in Brown v. Board of Education, the Court specifically concluded that in the field of public education the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. 8. TRUE 8. According to the decision in Brown, by reason of the segregation, the plaintiffs and others similarly situated were deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment. TRUE 9. Mr. Thurgood Marshall, one of the individuals and lead counsel who argued Brown before the U. S. Supreme Court, based much of the argument on Mr. Justice Harlan's dissent in Plessy, which persuaded the United States Supreme Court, primarily Chief Justice Earl Warren FALSE 10. Opposition to the nomination of Justice Clarence Thomas centered around his conservative political and social philosophy and his alleged sexual harassment of Anita Hill. TRUE 11. As Supreme Court Justice, Clarence Thomas tends to oppose affirmative action and race-based programs. TRUE 12. The U.S. Constitution directly created the three-tiered federal court system. FALSE 13. In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court ruled that the Court had the power to order the president to perform an act required by congressionally passed statute. TRUE 14. Amending the U.S. Constitution can be used to overturn a Supreme Court decision that declares a federal law unconstitutional.

Identifying Rhetorical Devices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Identifying Rhetorical Devices - Essay Example In another instance, cities are described as being ‘welcoming and humane’. Personification enables readers to understand the significance of introducing these identity cards, which is to make all city residents feel they belong. The article also uses allusion when it refers to immigrants who use their cards as ‘Scarlet letter’. This is in reference to the 1850 work of fiction where a woman was made to wear a scarlet with the letter ‘A’ to mean adultery. Allusion here elaborates the lack of status that immigrants suffer in foreign cities. Poetry Magazine Issue 14 has an article titled ‘Is that you, Walt Whitman?’ This article, written by Therese Stanton uses numerous rhetoric devices. It talks about a devastated Whitman who has tried every career but has not found a suitable one. It also describes a detailed series of events that lead Whitman to the identification of poetry as his passion (Stanton, 2011). Amplification is the repetitive use words or phrases to emphasize. This article applies amplification in the words ‘Tuesday’ and ‘mad’ to emphasize Walt’s frustrated state of mind. Stanton also uses alliteration in this article when she writes ‘fiddle footed, flighty, fluttery†¦hyperactive, hyperkinetic†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ This device provides a rhythm in the article making it interesting to the readers. The Editorial Board (February 12, 2014) Mr. de Blasio’s Welcoming Gesture. The New York Times Retrieved February 15, 2014 from

Cold war crisis and wars Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cold war crisis and wars - Term Paper Example Therefore, the case of the USA was in absolute terms a paradox. In the course of defining itself as well as protecting itself from the aggression of the Nazi Germany, the other superpower that took part in the WWII, (the Soviet Union) ended up as having the biggest army in the whole globe. Just like the USA, the Soviet Union had gained a lot of muscle since the Asian and European rivals had experienced gigantic losses during the war. Politics had it that immediately after World War II, the USA would emerge to the top as the nation with the most influence and power while the Soviet Union would come in second, but the second rankers were not satisfied with this fate. The Soviet Union was ready to do anything to move to the top of every nation in the world. But to make matters even worse, they were at a relatively distant second. This is due to the fact that even if the Soviet Union had moved strides ahead in given sectors, some had lagged behind. Hundreds of thousands of people and a g ood number of towns, cities and villages had been lost during the war. Reconstruction was the main task, which the Soviet Union faced after the war, thus. Also the nation had to prove that it had legitimacy in diplomacy following years of sidelining by other close countries and that the Joseph Stalin’s government would use other means other than military power to forge ahead. Origin of the Cold War and Causes Therefore, faced with all the forces from outside, it is usually argued that USA involved itself in this war that was to be known as the Cold War. It is in the 1990s, though, that it was clear to many about the boundaries that were brought about by the cold war. It is said that the Cold War was in existence for four decades and a half. That is, from 1945 to 1990 as Gregory and Balkin say in their book. This term â€Å"Cold War† can trace its origin from the speech of financier Baruch in 1947 and this signified a time period of hostility and rivalry that was first witnessed between the Soviet Union and the US and that was an issue of hostility short of combat only. (Gregory and Balkin, 2003 p263) The other perception with regards to the origin of Cold War is as presented by King Lisa in the ‘Origins of the Cold War’ study. The author puts it that it all started with the Hiroshima bombing where the US was the nation responsible and it happened in August 1945. The city together with half of its dwellers faced the worse end. Two days following this bombing Russia made a declaration of war against Japan. The war on Japan declaration had however not started in 1945, it had all began in the 1943’s Teheran conference where the Soviet Union made a reaffirmation that it would attack Japan subsequent to the loss to Germans. In other two conferences, Potsdam’s and Yalta’s, Russia also declared their entry into war with Asia came August 9th in 1945, just after the August 6th Hiroshima bombing, another atomic bomb hit Nag asaki. Following the surrender that happened later in mid August 1945 it rendered the planned attack on Japan useless. It is noted that Joseph Stalin was not convinced by the two bombings as the usual kind of occurrences in a war but as sabotage. It was a plan by Britain and the US to use these atomic bombs to put Japan out of the war just before Russians implemented their plan. This was just before Russia had accepted taking part in the war against Japan. Also the USA’s bombings of Japan were seen as a move to ensure that Russia did not get the territory that had been taken by

Danone Dumex competitive edge

Danone Dumex competitive edge How does a Danone Dumex (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd SHAMSUDIN, SITI AKMAZNI maintain the brands competitive edge? 1.0 Introduction 1.1 COMPANY BACKGROUND Danone Dumex[1] is part of Groupe Danone, a Fortune 500 company which was operate since 1958, one of the most successful healthy food companies in the world. Its headquartered is in Paris, France. Besides, Danone Dumex manufactures infant and child nutritional products and these products are then distributed in Singapore and Malaysia with exports to twenty countries in Asia, Middle East, Africa and Europe. It is the market leader and ranked number one in overall customer satisfaction in a study conducted among medical professionals and the retail trade by AC Nielsen. Then, it is also named as a Top Three Brand Family by AC Nielsen in 2002 and 2003, as well as Best Employers in Malaysia for 2003 and 2005. 1.2 Justification of the topic In this assessment, I have choose Danone Dumex company because it has higher market share that lead it become a market leader in infant growing milk formula industry. As a manufacturer of infant and child nutritional products, all its products provide the right nutrition for optimum growth and development especially support a good digestive system of children at different stages. Besides, this company has an international relationship with Singapore, Brunei, Middle East and Africa in exporting its products. Thus, here, we can say that it is a multinational company in this industry. So, because of this, I want to investigate and do research about this company in this assessment. 2.0 Findings 2.1 New logo and packaging Recently, Danone Dumex (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd is thinking to rebrand its products. In this rebranding, Danone Dumex change logo and packaging[2]. The packaging was modern, dynamic and contemporary look and feel according to the Danone Dumexs sales director, Joris Bernard and GCH Retail (M) merchandising director, Ian Cruddas[3]. 2.2 Long-relationship with Malaysian parents and children Danone Dumex also want to communicate and commemorate long-term relationship with Malaysian parents, children and with the people outside. As it has a new brand identity, this will lead to customers loyalty to its products[4]. Hence, this sale of new product of Danone Dumex will boost its market. 2.3 Price Usually, as a market leader, the price of the products will be increase. But, for this company, Danone Dumex products are expected to not increase in price. It thinks and confident that the sales of its products will boost the markets and thus, cover its probably loss[5] from the cost of production, promotion and cost to advertise the products. 3.0 ANALYSIS OF THE ISSUES 3.1 Current Situation Product life cycle[6] is used in this analysis to show points at which businesses may need to consider launching new products, as older ones are in decline, allow a business to plan different styles of marketing, help a business to manage its product portfolio and identify points at which extension strategies may need to be introduced or should no longer sell a product. (Dave Hall, page 179). Hence, in this situation, Danone Dumex products now in maturity stage because its products have become established with a stable market share, as a market leader (Dave Hall, page 116 and 117) and the sales are clearly higher than any competing businesses in the same market (Peter Stimpson, page 135). Introduction Growth Maturity Saturation 3.2 New logo and packaging As a market leader and its products are at maturity stage, the competitors will enter the market to take advantage of profits. Thus, Danone Dumex decided to rebrand its products because it wants to maintain the brands competitive edge[7] where it is one of the advantages of rebranding. (Dave Hall, page 204 and 205). These can allow people and customers outside alert quickly with its products and expected the new sales will boost the sales of the products[8]. 3.3 Long-relationship with Malaysian parents and children The launch of its new brand identity had cause Danone Dumex to both communicate and commemorate their long-term relationship with Malaysian parents and children[9]. When having a long-relationship with Malaysian parents and children, this will help this company to get back in track and the new sales of the products will boost the sales. 3.4 Market leader From the article[10], Danone Dumex is the market leader in infant milk formula in Malaysia, which also has a market share about 40.9% in the year-to-date June period 2009 in the Standard Growing up Milk (GUM). It is also currently sells and exports its products to Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Middle East and Africa[11] that cause it to have higher market share and growing in market. Being a market leader, it will achieve the competitive edge because competition has become stiff for players in the growing up milk formula industry and this will not be a risk faced by this company. 3.5 Price The products can be expensive to promote and maintain the brand. An establishing a successful brand in a competitive market can be very costly. Small business may not be able to afford this. (Dave Hall, page 202). Cost of production, promotion and market the product will be higher as it is a new looks product. But in this situation, Dumex does not plan to increase prices of its products[12]. As a result, Danone Dumexs products are remaining in gaining the profit because of the loyalty customer in buying Danone Dumexs products[13] 3.6 SWOT Analysis of Danone Dumex To see the problem faced by this company clearly, I use SWOT analysis to access the present position of this company, the future or expected possible changes. Strength Weaknesses * Market leader[14] in milk formula industry (S1) * Loyalty customers (S2) * Healthy product for infants and children (S3) * Costly because has invested more than RM4 million in its new look venture (W1) * The prices for the new-look products are remains unchanged that will provide quite high loss and need more money to back up back the invested money for the new-look products. (W2) * Danone Dumex use above the line promotion (W3) Opportunities Threats * Long-term relationship between Danone Dumex and Malaysian parents and children. (O1) * Loyalty customers (O2) * Many competitors (T1) * Economic downturns (T2) * The resources and raw materials expensive (T3) Table 2 shows the SWOT analysis, the current and expectation of Danone Dumex SWOT analysis shows the current and expectation of Danone Dumexs product. Danone Dumex is a market leader (S1) in infant and growing up milk formula industry that can be strength of this company in its market. This is because there will be no strong competitive edge where can cause this company get loss. Besides that, although it is a market leader and rebranding its products, it does not expected to increase the price of its new rebrand product. Hence, all these are the strength of Danone Dumex besides it has loyalty customer (S2) to its products and its products are prove as a healthy product[15] (S3) for infants and children. However, this company also has a few weaknesses likes it has spent a lot which is more than RM4 million in its new look venture[16] (W1). So, this is the most risky ways of Danone Dumex to be faced as the prices for the new look products are remain unchanged[17] (W2) and used above the line promotion (W3) that is quite costly and expensive as its promotional method to advertise the new look product. The threats, the opportunities are the expectation that will face by this company in the future whether it will gain more profit or loss. The opportunities that will face by this company are the long-term relationship between this company and Malaysian parents and the children[18] (O1) and the loyalty customer (O2) for its new rebrand products. As these opportunities are faced by Danone Dumex, its expectation to not increase the price for the new look product will boost the market that can back up the invested money and prevent more loss for this new look product. Then, lastly is the threat or the bad expectation that will be face by this company. The first threat is there will be many competitors (T1) enter into the same market as Danone Dumex. Then, if there is economic downturns (T2) in any country, the unemployment will be increase, the buying power of the customers will be decreases and hence, causing Danone Dumex to has loss. Besides, the other threat is the resources and raw materials are expensive (T3) in the future as the raw materials are difficult to get and find. CONCLUSION With the commitment and willing to take the risks, it is believed that Danone Dumex will boost its sales as it rebranded its new-look products. This is because it is a market leader in this industry, has high market shares and the sales are also clearly higher as it exports its products to the other countries likes to Malaysia, Middle East, Singapore, Brunei and Africa. Even though its price is remaining unchanged, the loyalty customer and the well-established product of Danone Dumex in this milk formula industry have made its sales boost the market and gain profit. This is the strength of Danone Dumex as the market leader and has high market share[19] as shown and explained in SWOT analysis. Hence, for me, there will be no problem for Danone Dumex in get profit and maintain its competitive edge. In addition, from my survey[20], it is proven that Danone Dumexs products are healthy for infant and growing-up milk formula industry, has higher percentage of the loyalty customer to its products and most of the customers are afford to buy and spent for the reasonable price for the new look products. So, even though Danone Dumex is still market leader, has loyalty customer towards its products, it cannot stop or avoid the expectation and coming threat that will influence its sales in the future. Hence, does Danone Dumex still can maintain its competitive edge in the future? BIBLIOGRAPHY General Texts 1) Dave Halls @ Rob Jones @ Carlo Raffo @ Ian Chambers and Dave Gray, 2004. Business Studies (Third Edition) Legoprint, Italy. Waring Collins Ltd. 2) Peter Stimpson. AS Level and A Level Business Studies. Oxford New York. 3) Andrew Gillespie. AS Level and A Level Business Studies. Oxford New York. 4) About us Danone Dumex retrieved from http://www.dumex.com.my/about_us 5) Danone Dumexs article, ‘Danone Dumex Quality Assurance retrieved from http://www.dumex.com.my/whats_new_2009/article/2009_Quality_Assurance 6) Unknown author, ‘Danone Dumex Melamine-Free Shanghai Regulator Says retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?sid=aSE8M3rTXulwpid=20601080 7) Unknown author, the other research regarding the rebranding process http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h7VgLkRxkbLdTKu21W3Y6KGIH1Q 8) Unknown author, ‘Global Baby Food Market retrieved from http://www.bharatbook.com/Market-Research-Reports/Global-Baby-Food-Market.html 9) Unknown author, ‘Breaking The Rules, Stretching The Rules 2004 retrieved from http://www.ibfan.org/english/pdfs/btr04.pdf 10) Lenny, Bernama, ‘Players in growing up milk formula market face stiff competition retrieved from http://besonline.rtm.gov.my/details.php?id=2468pageno=3field=bu_Titleorder=ASCtitle=Business/Economy 11) Unknown author, ‘About Us-Danone Dumex retrieved from http://www.dumex.com.my/about_us 12) http://www.hotfrog.com.my/Companies/Dumex-M 13) Unknown author, ‘About Us- Danone Dumex retrieved from http://www.dumex.com.my/ 14) Unknown author, ‘Danone Dumexs products sport a new look retrieved from http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/7/8/business/21761434sec=business Title of the article: Business Leaders say Rebranding is Key to Recovery Sources: Article from website of Britannica Online Date: 14th February 2009 Website: Author: Tom Banks Business Leaders say Rebranding is Key to Recovery Design Week, February 12, 2009 by Tom Banks Summary: The article focuses on importance of rebranding and design to fight against economic recession and assist business recovery in Great Britain. It states that rebranding helps business leaders to achieve a competitive line and commitment to its services and businesses. It also notes that rebranding builds a new relationship with the customers and the businesses. Excerpt from Article: News in Depth Business leaders say rebranding is key to recovery By Tom Banks A majority of UK companies see a successful rebrand as a key way of weathering the recession, according to new research. Implementation, Rebranding and Design, a report commissioned by branding consultancy the Principle Group, surveyed 250 marketing directors of blue chip companies and UK business owners, and found that the majority recognise the importance of rebranding in a downturn and acknowledge the role of design in assisting business recovery. Levels of confidence varied across the survey, but it found that 65 per cent of business leaders and managers believe rebranding will help large corporate institutions get back on track, and 85 per cent say design will play an important role in generating a recovery for some, or all, brands. A successful rebranding was seen by 64 per cent of UK business leaders as a route to gaining a competitive edge in a downturn. Similarly, 63 per cent agreed that a new identity signified a bold embracing of change. Commenting on the research, Ron Cregan, business strategy director at consultancy Navyblue, says, Any brand with the appetite to develop its brand identity in a recession demonstrates a willingness to challenge the market and a commitment to its businesses, services and products. But he adds that many companies will restrain their brand and marketing spend, for fear of being seen to be spending while people are †¦ Supporting Document 5 (Primary Data) Survey: Awareness of the Malaysians Towards Danone Dumexs Products Especially Its New-Look Products. Date: 25th October 2009 I am an IB student of MARA College Seremban and I am doing research about the awareness of the Malaysians towards Danone Dumexs products especially its new-look products. Thus, I need your help in filling out these questionnaires. Tick the box with √ and answer the questions. 1) Gender : Male Female 2) Status Married Single Widow/ widower Others†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3) What are the instant milks for baby that you know in our industry? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4) What kind of instant milk for baby that you or your family had chosen before this? Fernleaf Danone Dumex Nestle Others †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5) Why you use the same instant milks for your whole family? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6) Annual household income : Less than RM1000 RM 5001 RM 10000 RM 1001 RM 5000 RM 10,001 and above 7) Usually, how much you or your family (mom or dad) spent for the instant milks? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ For these questions, tick √ for your answers for these statements. Statements Strongly know Know Not sure Doesnt know Strongly doesnt know 8) Do you know any products from Danone Dumex? 9) Have you try to any its products? 10) Do you notice that Danone Dumex has a new-look products? 11) Danone Dumex products contained DHA (docosahexaenoic ) and AA ( arachidoinic acid ) that were important for brain cells. Do you know with these statements? 12) Danone Dumex contains 1c-FOS (long-chain fructo oligosaccharides) dietry fibre and essential nutrients that help support a good digestive system. 13) Danones Dumex milk is melamine-free. 14) For all the advantages of having Danone Dumex products that I have listed above, do you and your family want to try and use Danone Dumex products? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ FINDINGS 1. 78% buyers are married person and the other 22% is bought by widow/widower and single person who are the siblings of the child. 2. 69% buyers bought Danone Dumexs products which is 57% is the old customers and another 12% is the new customers. 3. Most of consumers loyal to Danone Dumexs products because they know the ingredients and contents in the instant milk that will help for sufficient nutrient and growing to their babies. 4. 93% of the customers are from the females customers. 5. Most of the customers said that they afford to buy and spent their money to buy the affordable price of Danone Dumexs products. [1] Retrieved from http://www.dumex.com.my/about_us [2] Supporting document 1- Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [3] Supporting document 2 Giant Spotted in Shah Alam Company Unveils Huge Logo as Part of Rebranding Exercise [4] Supporting document 1 Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [5] Supporting document 3 Players in Growing Up Milk Formula Market Face Stiff Competition [6] Product life cycle shows the different stages that a product passes through and the sales that can be expected at each stage. [7] Supporting document 2 Giant Spotted in Shah Alam Company Unveils Huge Logo as Part of Rebranding Exercise [8] Supporting document 1- Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [9] Supporting document 1- Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [10] Supporting document 1- Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [11] Supporting document 3 Players in Growing Up Milk Formula Market Face Stiff Competition [12] Supporting document 3 Players in Growing Up Milk Formula Market Face Stiff Competition [13] Supporting document 5 Survey: Awareness of the Malaysian Towards Danone Dumexs products Especially Its New-Look Products [14] Is a business which makes decisions which tend to be followed by other businesses in the market. [15] Supporting document 3 Players in Growing Up Milk Formula Market Face Stiff Competition [16] Supporting document 1- Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [17] Supporting document 1- Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [18] Supporting document 1- Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [19] Supporting document 1- Danone Dumex Products Sport a New Look [20] Supporting document 5 Survey: Awareness of the Malaysian Towards Danone Dumexs products Especially Its New-Look Products

Islam in America :: Religion Islam

Islam One of the active "survivors" of practiced faiths in America is Islam. Before and even after the incident of September 11th, more and more disappointment, frustration and curiosity towards Islam and Muslims have aroused amongst Americans. The Reason behind those mixed feelings is that it is said that a group of Muslim "terrorists" were behind the tragedy that occurred to the Trade Center in New York. That has resulted in the lost of many innocent lives and corruption of the nation. Afterwards, Americans were intimidated by this religion, and what it brings to the world, so they sought to learn about it. Surprisingly, studies by Brendan Bernhard in his book White Muslim show that the number of converts after September 11th had risen in America more than ever before (Bernhard p.14). One may wonder how Islam attracted the American public despite the tragedy that has occurred and said to be done by the Muslims. The Book White Muslim gives an overview on different converts after September 11th. In addition, the articles Muslims in America After 9-11 and As the Smoke Began to clear give a closer look on the Muslim and non-Muslim American reactions after September 11th. Moreover, September 11th drew eyes on Afghanistan (Muslim nation that is run by the Taliban movement, the accused leader of the attack of September 11). Therefore, Muslim women of Afghanistan were discussed numerously in America; through the topic on the unjust treatment they face living as Muslim woman. Afterwards, the controversial issue on American Muslim woman arose in America about their way of life as Muslims. To get a clearer idea on this particular issue, in Muslim Women in America what is previewed is the Muslim woman's role and her place in Islam and American society in general. The book als o discusses the difficulties Muslim woman face living in America as well as the reason behind American woman converting in Islam. The article Living a Muslim in American Society also addresses the difficulties faced by Muslims in general living in America. A closer look at Muslim woman converts may be previewed as well through the articles Islam Our Choice-Portraits of Modern American Muslim Woman, and The American Harlot. Accordingly, one may wonder how and when Islam approached America, as it seems after September 11th Muslims are noticed to have a fairly large number of followers that are spread in some states of America. Going back in history when America was discovered and it was then called the New World, enslavement came about.

Human Variation: The Filipino Nose Essay

One of the most defining features of Filipinos which sets them apart from other races, if not currently the most defining, is the shape of their nose. Unlike the higher and narrower noses of Caucasians, full-blooded Filipinos bear what the locals would often colloquially refer to as the â€Å"flat nose†. There is a wide variety in the types of nose shapes a person may acquire. Being a polygenic trait, genetics play a very big role how an individual’s nose will turn out. One of the most defining features of Filipinos which sets them apart from other races, if not currently the most defining, is the shape of their nose. Unlike the higher and narrower noses of Caucasians, full-blooded Filipinos bear what the locals would often colloquially refer to as the â€Å"flat nose†. There is a wide variety in the types of nose shapes a person may acquire. Being a polygenic trait, genetics play a very big role how an individual’s nose will turn out. Thousands of years of living in Southeast Asia had kept our noses lower and wider to better adapt to the hot and humid climates of a tropical country. (Raymond, 2011) That being the case, it is inevitable that the Filipino’s nose will be shorter than those who had to live with the cold, unless they had a Caucasian parent or ancestor who passed them down a different set of genes than their peers. To inherit the Caucasian’s fine nose is normally seen as a â€Å"blessing† in the Filipino society as it is believed to greatly enhance one’s beauty. Pango, sarat, dapalong (dapa ilong). These are only few of the derogatory terms for a person who was deemed unfortunate to have a small nose, whereas those graced with a higher nose are called artistahin. Influences of Western colonizers may possibly be how Filipinos came to think tall or high noses are more attractive or, conversely, that flatter noses are inferior. The colonizers had more than enough time to ingrain the idea that they are the superior race. Aside from such conditioning, most people seek what it is they do not have, and this does apply to the Filipinos’ desire for taller noses. Because of the negative view on flat noses, many had gone to cosmetic surgeons to finally achieve their desired nose shapes. People who had less money to spare alleviate their nose’s â€Å"unsightliness† through the use of cosmetics, particularly by applying nose lines which can give the illusion of a narrower nose. There are even those who pinch their noses in hopes that it will grow higher. Ingenious and amusing as it is, this sort of behavior can be considered maladaptive. It is better to use one’s resources in working with what we consider as a flaw instead of working to change it. If one cannot learn to love one’s self for as simple thing as a flat nose, it would prove very difficult to love yourself when society’s impossible standards keep depreciating your true value. References Raymond, Joan. â€Å"The Shape of a Nose. † Scientific American 16 Aug. 2011: n. pag. 16 Aug. 2011. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. .

Florida and Tourism essays

Florida and Tourism essays Florida is one of the more popular states of the United States of America. For years now millions have flown thousands of miles to see all its beauty with their own eyes. Children and Adults can enjoy all the entertainment this state provides to each of its visitors. Whether youre old and retired, a family searching for a way to spend quality time together, or mid- aged and looking for excitement; Florida can provide you with the vacation you desire. Florida was the 27th state in the USA; it was admitted on March 3, 1845. The state is the fourth most populated in the US with a population of 16,713,149 and growing. Tallahassee is the state capital, but the largest city is Jacksonville. Total, Florida takes up 65, 758 square miles of the country, making it the twenty- second largest state in the United States. Three of the States major rivers are the St. Johns River, St. Marys River, and the Suwannee River. The major Lakes are Lake Okeechobee, and Lake George. Currently, the states major industries include tourism, agriculture (oranges, grapefruit, and tomatoes), and electronics. Three of the biggest tourist attractions in Florida are Disney World, Busch Gardens, and Discovery Cove. These three areas bring the state its booming business in the tourism industry. Summer time is usually the prime time for tourism in Florida due to the sunny warm weather. If you want to plan a trip though, it is best to do months in advance so you can find the best deals on tickets to Disney World, Busch Gardens, and Discovery Cove. Disney World is the main attraction of Florida. This amazing park consists of four separate theme parks. The first theme park is Magic Kingdom. This amusement park is home to the famous Space mountain, and Splash mountain. The Disney Land located in California, is the same as Magic Kingdom. They include the same rides, the same attractions, and the same themes. Magic Kingdo ...

Constructing Social Problems essayEssay Writing Service

Constructing Social Problems essayEssay Writing Service Constructing Social Problems essay Constructing Social Problems essaySocial problems are the points of contact between a large variety of human characters and morals. Every group of people has its own opinion, and very often such a variety of opinions leads to an emergence of social problems. Social problems are also very dependent on external (outside of public and natural) factors and causes. Moreover, social problems, under certain conditions, can revive the society, without giving it a possibility to be â€Å"bored† and do nothing. Thus, the main aims of the assignment are to explain the statement that social problems are socially constructed and to identify a social problem for further research and discussion.Despite the fact that social problem seems to be an objectively existing social condition a flaw in the social order, from the standpoint of common sense, it is impossible to define the term, without resorting to subjective assessments, to feelings of people and their thoughts that some matters are a social problem.Spector Kitsuse used the idea of ​​social construction to refocus the attention of sociologists on the subjective nature of social problems (Spector Kitsuse, 2010). That is, instead of determining the objective qualities common to the different conditions, which are defined as social problems, Schneider claimed that the problems have in common only the label of a â€Å"social problem† (Schneider, 1985). The condition becomes a social problem when it is constructed that means recognized and identified, and called a social problem. Spector Kitsuse denote this process as the process of claims making; they define social problems as the activities of individuals or groups expressing discontent and allege demanding nature regarding some alleged conditions (Spector Kitsuse, 2010). Thus, the study of social problems should focus not on conditions by themselves, but on definition processes, when one or other conditions begin to be identified as proble matic. The concept of â€Å"social construction of social problems† means, therefore, the processes by which certain social conditions are a matter of public concern.Identifying a social problem, it is good to dwell on the problem of poverty. On the one hand, constructionists argue that the understanding of poverty as a social problem requires a different approach. For instance, there is nothing that would make it a social problem in the very nature of poverty because in many societies, poverty is seen as a natural part of the social order that is not considered a social problem. But it became obvious that the poverty is a socially constructed problem when it is taken another angle of observation of the problem. To explain, poverty becomes a social problem only when people define it as a cause of concern when they say that it is problematic. For example, the â€Å"war on poverty†, which began in the U.S. in 1960, has made the poverty ​​the subject of more attention, and a more visible social problem. Thus, the problem of poverty was not only big but it also had a mass destructive character and influenced the life of many people.Discussing the process of claims making in the context of this assignment, it is possible to show that all claims with certain requirements are an attempt to convince the audience of the existence of some particular social problems; these claims become a form of rhetoric. The answer to the question about the components that constitute a convincing rhetoric varies depending on the time and place of the claims making, however constructionist research revealed a set of elements characteristic of many modern claims requirements. Social problems are often illustrated with the use of certain examples that typify usually a problem in melodramatic form showing the terrible suffering of the victims, the inhumanity of â€Å"villains†, etc.Thus, we have explained the statement that social problems are socially c onstructed, and gave an example of a socially constructed problem with its description and interpretation.

Real Estate Market Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Real Estate Market - Research Paper Example The main aspect of Southwest’s advantage in the economy is their fuel hedging program. (Dunn, 2009 It is important for US government to take account of the fact. Since, this fiscal strategy allows airlines to protect themselves in opposition to rising oil prices by locking in a price for fuel. While this strategy is a risky gamble, it has proven successful for Southwest and has saved the airline company $3.5 billion since 1998 over what it would have spent if it would have paid the industry’s average price for fuel. Reduction of fares will eventually minimize obstacles to efficiency of airlines in long run. Another recommendation for the US government is to appreciate Mergers of airlines. Mergers among competing airline corporations will bring profitable results. (Fishback, 2007, 415) By companies merging together, this allows them to cut costs by eliminating duplicate operating costs. Through their success, Delta and Northwest have set the path for other airlines to follow. Mergers, such as that of Delta and Northwest, will eliminate duplicate routes from the two airlines departing from the same airport. By doing so, wage and fuel expenses will also decrease substantially. As airlines merge the competition in the industry will drop benefiting the entire industry. This will decrease buyer power, economic inequality between airlines and let the airlines set the prices they need to operate profitably. Currently customers have a great deal of power within the airline industry due to the fact that each airline does not differ greatly from one another. (Yosef, 2005, 210) Therefore, price is ultimately the only factor that buyers will consider while choosing an airline. It is recommended to the US higher authorities, to make airline companies focus more on customer service in order to separate themselves from their competitors. This involves focusing both attention and

The European Union will not last another Decade Essay - 1

The European Union will not last another Decade - Essay Example The general view among many Europeans is that the Union is gradually becoming an immaterial isthmus of the Eurasian continent. Analysts have identified key issues that make the European Union weak and unable to progress further soon. Structural economic challenges pose the greatest threat to the Unions survival. It is said that globalization has made other regions become more competitive than the Eurozone. Many members of the European Union lack competitiveness. Globalization has allowed business establishments to produce where expenses of producing goods and services are lowest. Third world countries, as well as some of the emerging markets, are competitively outpacing the developed nations in growing and developing their economies. These countries are quickly adapting specialized high-value productions (Sanchis Marco, n.d.). Their labor markets are very skilled, therefore, able to be productive in high technological industries. It is a fact that the working conditions in the European Union for workers is better, that they provide better social amenities and that the working conditions are supremely better in terms of social benefits. However, the better quality of social amenities offered means that the cost of production must sufficiently accommodate those costs, and, therefore, translates to higher prices for goods and services delivered. Private investors have not made the situation any better as they relocate production to the much cheaper cost of production locations in the emerging markets, which serve a double purpose of offering ready markets for some of their products. The proportion of inactive and active individuals in the Eurozone is worsening by the day (Laursen, 2013). It is projected that countries within the European Union will not have enough human assets, while at the same time these countries have failed to

To what extent has the development of the European Security and Essay

To what extent has the development of the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) made the European Union (EU) a strategic actor - Essay Example s, a creation of new governmental institutions, a great exchange of ideas, policies and approaches to national and international security and defense. Webber et al. assert that â€Å"the Europeanisation of security has been the great political revolution of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries† (19). One of the outcomes of the process, which is considered to be of a great importance, is the innovative European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP). This paper is aimed to discuss the role of the ESDP development process in a building of European security competence and in a strengthening the role of the European Union (EU) in the context of the world security and defense policy. During the period of the Cold War, prior to 1999, the EU played a quite passive role in the own security area. According to the terms of a settlement, made in the early 1950s between the US and the Western European Union (WEU), the EU was a civilian institution, while the responsibility to assure security in Europe was laid upon NATO and WEU (Deighton, 720). In 1990s immense changes shook the Europe, forcing the EU to adapt to these historical changes. The fall of the Berlin Wall and re-uniting of Germany, the break-up of the Soviet Union and the end of the Iron Curtain, the collapse in Yugoslavia and the Balkan War – there are one of the major events of 1990s that changed the old European coordinate system. Since 1991 the role of NATO in the European security has been questioned, and in 1994 the European security and defence identity concept (ESDI) was developed as â€Å"a framework for combined joint task forces, coalitions of the willing for military security provision† (Deighton, 724). In 1997 the EU member states signed the Amsterdam Treaty, which provided the basis of development of a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), of which European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) is a significant integral part. The political push for this progress was made by France and

Chemistry and Society Essay Example for Free

Chemistry and Society Essay Chemistry is a vast quantity of a person’s everyday life. A person can find chemistry in his or her daily life in the foods that a person eats, air a person breathes, soap, and accurately everything a person comes in contact with. Chemistry is significant in everyday life because chemicals make up everything in life. For example, a person’s body, pet, a desk, the sun, food, and drugs a person may take, to name a few. A person can observe changes in chemistry caused by chemical reactions, such as leaves changing colors, cooking food, and mixing a cleaning product. Knowing chemistry can help a person make day-to-day choices that affect his or her life. For example, if a person should mix certain household chemicals together. Accuracy is the magnitude in which a certain measurement agrees with the standard worth for that measurement (Dictionary, 2011). Precision is how close the measured standards are to each other (Math is fun, 2011). Society depends on accuracy and precision in everyday life. These two relationships are often substituted freely, but both have crucial differences. Businesses entail both accurate and precise measurements to stay in business. Accuracy states that something is constant with an identified rate, whereas precision is the volume of detail something delivers. Society depends on accuracy and precision in many places. One instance is the gas pumps. The gas pump can show accuracy when the gas is flowing, but this is not a precise measurement of how much gas is pumping through the pumps. Gas pumps must not only know how much gas is pumping through the pumps but also how precise the measurement of gas pumped. The gas companies need to know how much is pumped so that the company can charge the right amount for the gas. Sometimes in everyday life a person does not want to be precise. For example, if someone stops and asks for directions to the nearest gas station a person may say that the next gas station is about 10 minutes down the road. Providing directions to someone is a way a person can give accurate information. Another example is, when measuring a room in the house to paint and needing to know how much paint to provide. A person can either measure and provide a precise measurement or provide an accurate measurement on the room to paint. Another precision and accuracy a person may use in every day is how long it takes his or her child to finish the homework. An accurate answer is 20 minutes, but the precise answer would be 20 minutes and 20 seconds. Time is an excellent way to be accurate or precise. References Dictionary.com. (2011). Accuracy. Retrieved November 3, 2011 from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/accuracy Math is fun. (2011). Accuracy and Precision. Retrieved November 3, 2011 from http://www.mathsisfun.com/accuracy-precision.html

The Central Processing Unit :: essays research papers

The Central Processing Unit Microprocessors, also called central processing units (CPUs), are frequently described as the "brains" of a computer, because they act as the central control for the processing of data in personal computers (PCs) and other computers. Chipsets perform logic functions in computers based on Intel processors. Motherboards combine Intel microprocessors and chipsets to form the basic subsystem of a PC. Because it's part of every one of your computer's functions, it takes a fast processor to make a fast PC. These processors are all made of transistors. The first transistor was created in 1947 by a team of scientists at Bell Laboratories in New Jersey. Ever since 1947 transistors have shrunk dramitically in size enabling more and more to be placed on each single chip. The transistor was not the only thing that had to be developed before a true CPU could be produced. There also had to be some type of surface to assemble the transistors together on. The first chip made of semiconducitve material or silicon was invented in 1958 by Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments. Now we have the major elements needed to produce a CPU. In 1965 a company by the name of Intel was formed and they began to produce CPU's shortly thereafter. Gordon Moore, one of the founders of Intel, predicted that the number of transistor placed on each CPU would double every 18 months or so. This sounds almost impossible, however this has been a very accutate estimation of the evolution of CPUs. Intel introduced their first processor, a 4004, in November of 1971. This first processor had a clock speed of 108 kilohertz and 2,300 transistors. It was used mainly for simple arithmetic manipulation such as in a calculator. Ever since this first processor was introduced the market has done nothing but soared to unbelievable highs. The first processor common in personal computers was the 8088. This processor was introduced in June of 1978. It could be purchased in three different clock speeds starting at 5 Megahertz and going up to 10 Megahertz. This CPU had 29,000 transistors. Then came the 80286 and 80386 processors. The 386 was the first processor to be introduced in the DX, SX, and SL versions. Next came the 80486 processors of which there were even more choices here. The first 486 processor had 1,200,000 transistors and the latest have 1.4 million transistors. There clock speeds varied any where from 16 MHz on the first ones to 100 MHz on the most recent 486 processors. Some of which are still in use in homes all around the country.

Student Council Essay

Thingss were easier when I was younger. I felt more confident. like I could accomplish everything that I want. When I was in high school. I wasn’t portion of the ‘in-crowd’ but I know good plenty that people knew me. I scored good in most of my tests ; I was portion of the Student Council. and the Senior Council. which made me experience of import. During that clip of my life. I had everything planned. I knew what I wanted. I had this thought in my caput of what my life would be when I enter university and what would go on when I finish. Thingss are merely non every bit simple any longer. My friends and I are all in different hamlets. I’m okay with my life. overall. I know that I’m lucky to hold my household and my friends. Compared to other people. I truly have nil to kick about. But in my head. I want a different life. I want more than what I have. There’s got to be something better out at that place for me. something more that will do me more particular and fulfilled alternatively of experiencing like I’m stuck in oblivion. Trying to be honest with myself is non an easy undertaking. because it meant facing my failures and I’m afraid that I won’t be able to suppress the obstructions in front of me and I will populate my life in the out of boundss. observation as other people live their life and achieve things that I want to accomplish. I don’t want that to go on to me. I want to look back in my life and be happy of what I have and non repent that I didn’t have the bravery to seek different things. that I didn’t attempt and purpose higher. So. I am taking this chance to larn and confront my frights. or my obstructions one by one. Baby stairss. as they say. If I want to populate my life the manner I want it to be. I have to get down making something. I merely can’t sit and dream of things I want. I need to get down doing things go on. and I need to gain that I may non be able to hold it all. but I can hold more. if I start making more. Dreaming about the life I want can merely come true if I start to make something about it. I want to read this in 10. 20 and 30 old ages and be proud of what I have accomplished. and non agitate my caput in shame that I ne'er stepped up to do things better for me. If I want to be able to read this paper 30 old ages from now. the first thing I need to make is do certain I become healthy. and remain healthy. I know what to make. but I’ve ne'er gotten about to making anything. I know that I need to exert. and I’ve done it before. I merely ne'er continued on making the right thing. My end for my wellness so is to get down exerting once more. but this clip. I will go on it. Part of my failure I think is that I expect excessively much. when I don’t lose one kg in one hebdomad. I get discouraged. I need to understand that non everyone can lose one kg a hebdomad. I need to accept that I may non lose weight as fast as the others. I need to put ends for myself and non compare myself to others. Above everything else. I need to be realistic that if I am traveling to accomplish this. I need to hold the forbearance and the subject to transport things through. There are many things I can seek to get down this end. I don’t need to pass a batch of money to lose weight. There are many beginnings. particularly on the cyberspace that can assist me make this. Looking about on line. I think I will make a mixture of things. I can get down running. I’ll start little. like running or ramble oning for 10 proceedingss. so after a hebdomad. possibly I can seek for 15. and after another hebdomad I will seek 20. In between running. I will besides seek and raise weights. Like with my running. I will get down little. Above all. I will seek and non be unrealistic of what I can accomplish. Eating a healthy diet will now be a portion of my new modus operandi. I will eat more veggies and fruits and less debris nutrient. I will imbibe more H2O and less soft drink. I don’t know if it will of all time be possible for me to wholly cut out soft drinks. but I will seek and cut it down. This maybe a harder end to accomplish. but as my program with everything else. I will get down little and non anticipate miracles. What I will make is eat three types of fruits a twenty-four hours at least. They can all be different. or the same. but I will take to eat fruit every twenty-four hours. I will besides do certain I have more veggies. It will non be easy. but if I want to be healthy. eating healthy would necessitate to be portion of my program. The lone thing that would do it easier is that I do non hold to give up intoxicant or coffin nails as I do non like them. Because I do non smoke or imbibe. I do non hold to worry about giving up this dependence. particularly smoking as I heard it is a hard wont to interrupt. The following thing I am reflecting on is my household. I am non as good of a kid as I should be to my parents and to my sister. I need to lend more around the house and non allow them make everything for me. This should be the most simple of all my ends. truly. I can get down in my sleeping room by doing certain it is ever clean and I put off my books. my apparels and everything else where they belong. I will brush the floor and do certain the furniture in my room is non gathering dust. Outside of my room. I will brush the floor and aid with the wash. My female parent is acquiring old. and I know that it is non that easy for her to make the cookery and the cleansing so I will assist her. This is likely be a good clip to advert that I truly can’t cook that good. My female parent can look at our icebox. take out a few veggies and she will be able to feed us that tastes as if she followed a formula. To this twenty-four hours. I don’t cognize how she does it. but I will get down larning how. There are many things I can make around the house to do things better for my parents. and they are truly simple. It will take attempt on my portion. but I know I can make them. I’ve done them before. and I merely don’t like making them. I’ve ne'er asked. but I’m reasonably certain my female parent does non like making everything on her ain either. but she does them. and she may call on the carpet us a few times. but she still does them for us. It’s about clip I do the same for her. I don’t want to be a load to my parents. I want them to see that I can take attention of myself. and that I can take attention of them. Thinking about it. this portion of my end is so easy to accomplish. I can better my life by merely remaining inside the house. Possibly I merely spent excessively much clip dreaming of what could be that I can’t see that the life I want can get down at place. in my really ain room. I don’t have to travel really far to make my ends. It starts at place. if I fail this. so how can I travel frontward? The more I think about it. the more I know I can’t fail. This is about like a trial to see if I can be to the full independent and be able to take attention of people that will be dependent to me. My household is of import to me. and I want to be able to demo them that. and be able to do them experience that. Helping around the house is such a simple construct. and when I think about it. it comes down to being responsible. and I need to take up some duty inside the house. Speaking of being responsible. another trait I need to develop is to be responsible when it comes to money. There are so many things that I want. but don’t truly necessitate. I have a new phone that I use now. I have approximately five old phones that still work. but they’re non the latest. so I kept on replacing them. My old phone still works merely all right. but I wanted one with the GPS. with the cyberspace connexion. I wanted a smart phone. Do I necessitate it? No. But I brought it anyhow because everyone I know has one. If I didn’t purchase this new phone. I’d have more money in the bank. Although. I truly don’t have much in the bank as I should hold. Traveling on vacations. purchasing new things and traveling out with friends is merely more gratifying than seting money in the bank. The latest GFC ( Global Financial Crisis ) nevertheless has gotten me believing. including that Ponzi strategy. I need to do certain I’m smart about my ain money. This will be my hereafter when I am old and non working. I merely can’t trust anyone with what I’ve earned. Reading approximately good educated people losing their nest eggs because they handed it over to person else is a lesson that people need to larn. If it sounds excessively good. it likely is. I don’t want to be 60 or 70 looking at an empty bank history because I handed my money over to person who promised to do me more money. To get down. I truly should halt disbursement on points that I don’t truly necessitate. This end can bind up with my earlier ends. If I buy fruits and veggies and non debris nutrient. I am bound to salvage more money. If I stay at place and go responsible for the house chores. I will non be outside disbursement money on things I truly don’t demand. There are so many enticements to give up though. When I am surrounded by people with all the latest appliances. from their newest phone to the iPad. I keep believing that I want it excessively. I can afford it. so why non? Alternatively of giving into enticement. this clip. I will take a measure back and think of the five phones. one iPod. and one camera. All in good status but non being used because I wanted the latest theoretical account. If I want to hold a good quality of life and non trust on authorities manus outs when I am old. I need to get down doing alterations now. Like my wellness. it is an investing for my hereafter. it is something that merely I have control over. and non even my parents and my friends can assist me if I don’t start economy now. My wellness. my household and my nest eggs program are things I have control over. This following end is a spot trickier. I’m barely the following Donald Trump. and I don’t want to be. I need to get down taking stairss to do certain I’m in a calling that I like. that I can larn from and develop further. There’s traveling to be a batch of bumps in the signifier of rejections headed my manner. but I won’t allow it halt me. There’s merely so much control I have when it comes to my calling. I can use and use and non acquire a occupation. I may non give up. but this route is traveling to be rough. Possibly that’s what I need to make my overall finish of holding a much more fulfilling life. It may be difficult. but I’m really looking frontward to the challenge. At this minute in my life. I need to acquire my pes in the door. I know that one time I’m in. I’d be able to voyage myself better. do more informed determinations. It’s different one time you are ready to work compared to when you were still a kid thought of what you want to make. The older you get. the more experience you get. you either go determined to prosecute your end. or to prosecute another avenue. I had a friend who was determined to go a attorney and revolved her life into doing certain she becomes one. She now works as a journalist and is wholly happy where she is. It wasn’t because she failed at jurisprudence. once she was at that place. she realised it’s different from what she envisioned when she was a kid. I wanted to be many things when I was younger that I don’t even retrieve what I truly want. I want to do certain I don’t acquire into a calling that I will detest and pass the following half of my life suffering. Wherever I end up in. I will larn from the people I work with. my higher-ups and develop my accomplishments. Sooner or subsequently. I will do a move. and I need to be certain that I know what I’m making and that I will be ready for any new challenges or any effects of my actions. This country of my life is such a fuzz at the minute. and I’d instead play it safe than take a hazard. This country of my life has so many factors to see. and the merely other country of my life that is even more of a fuzz. is my love life. which is presently non-existent. There. I said it. I have no love life. Depending on my temper. I don’t attention. There are times when I wish I was with person. and there are times when I am glad that I’m non. I would ne'er of all time admit it out loud. but there’s a portion of me that wants it more and more. Among my friends. there are merely three of us that are individual. and I know that figure will shortly diminish. I don’t precisely know how love tantrums in the expansive strategy of things when it comes to my life. I mean. I know I can’t unrecorded without the love of my household or my friends. but the love of a spouse. is likely more negotiable. I can’t unrecorded without good wellness. I can’t unrecorded without my household. and I can’t survive without nest eggs and a calling. but a love life? I think I can populate without it. The inquiry so becomes. make I desire to? Like I said. I have my minutes. Sometimes I want to be with person. sometimes I don’t. I don’t even know why I think this is a capable worth mentioning in my pursuit to hold the life I want to populate if I’m so baffled by it. When I was younger. I don’t even retrieve desiring a hubby with two childs and a white lookout fencing. When I was younger. I wanted a fabulous flat in the metropolis on the upper floors so I can watch the metropolis visible radiations from my balcony. At this really minute nevertheless. believing about this peculiar topic. what do I want from a spouse? I want him to be smart ; I want him to be amusing. loyal and respectful. I don’t even have a ‘type’ . I don’t care what nationality he is. or what color his hair or his eyes are. If I have to depict him in a physical sense. so I want him to be tall. I don’t know why. Possibly it’s the girly-girl in me who wants person she can tilt on. I truly don’t know. The whole construct confuses me. After reading through what I wrote. I’m really rather aroused and more optimistic. seting it on paper makes it more existent. more possible to accomplish my ends. I watched the film â€Å"Invictus† . and reminded me of a quotation mark in the film that I believe fits this undertaking. The line came from a verse form of the same rubric by William Ernest Henley: â€Å"I am the maestro of my destiny ; I am the captain of my psyche. † I can’t think of anything else that fits this undertaking absolutely. I know that I am the lone 1 who can compose this. I am besides the lone 1 that can do things go on in my life. I have a long route in front of me. and I will be ready to do that journey. When I read this once more in the hereafter. no affair how long that is. I want this paper to be the testament of my beginning. and I can so compose my ain stoping.

Parliamentary Ombudsman Essay

The Ombudsman deals with issues that had resulted in questions in Parliament. The Ombudsman is the custodian of the Code of Practice on Access to Government Information. Schedule 2 of the Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967, requires of certain institutions to assist the Ombudsman in disclosing information on request. However there are fifteen exemptions that regulate the release of the information under this Code (Ministerial Accountability And Parliamentary Questions).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Ombudsman investigates complaints from Members of Parliament that certain information that had been withheld as per the requirements of the Code, was to be revealed. The office of the Ombudsman has to deal with important papers and take decisions by exercising proper judgment. The office of the Ombudsman attempts to resolve complaints before any official action is initiated with regard to them, as such the work of the Ombudsman is informal or unofficial. There are certain restrictions that prevent the active participation of the Ombudsman. In 2005, it was declared that the Information Commissioner was to be bound by the provision of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 and should act within the scope of those provisions. Another drawback is that several departments do not cooperate with the office of the Ombudsman and depict reluctance to accept its recommendations. There was an absence of cooperation between the office of the Ombudsman and other departments in resolving complaints. Furthermore, changes in the activities and role of the Ombudsman are subject to legislation (Ministerial Accountability And Parliamentary Questions).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 sets out the job description, powers and responsibilities of the Commissioner. The institution of the Ombudsman is autonomous and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  neither reports to the government nor is it a public servant. The Queen on the endorsement of Letters Patent appoints the Ombudsman. The Ombudsman’s responsibility is to inquire into complaints referred by members of the public in the event of their having sustained loss or injustice due to maladministration by the government departments or other public agencies. These complaints have to be forwarded by a Member of Parliament. The complainants have to   first lodge their complaints with the concerned department and facilitate the concerned officials to act on the complaint before its transmission to some other agency. Not all matters are dealt with by the Ombudsman, because certain complaints are more appropriately redressed by an appeal to a tribunal or by filing a case in a court of law. Many departments can decide on the basis of their discretionary powers. For instance the Legal Aid Board and the Planning Inspectorate are empowered to take independent decisions. If it can be established that a discretionary decision entailed maladministration, then the Ombudsman can intervene and question such acts of maladministration. The Ombudsman can also investigate administrative decisions taken on behalf of courts and tribunals but not the decisions taken directly by courts and tribunals (Parry, 2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The rulings of the Ombudsman are subject to judicial review as in the case of ministerial decisions. In 1994, a court affirmed this important fact in a case. Under the judicial review, it is ascertained if the application of the legislative provisions had been done correctly, while taking a decision. However, the decisions of the Parliamentary Commissioner are rarely subjected to the judicial review process. In April 2004, the High Court rejected a judicial review petition of the representatives of the Equitable Members Action Group, who were contesting the decision taken by the Ombudsman with regard to the regulation of Equitable Life (Parry, 2004). The Ombudsman does not act as courts or tribunals. The Ombudsman’s duty is not to mediate or negotiate as in the case of alternative dispute resolutions. Although the Ombudsman is a distinctive platform for taking important decisions, it is not an alternative in the process of decision making. In R v Secretary of State for Pensions, on behalf of Bradley and others, judicial review was sought due to the refusal of the authorities to provide information relating to pension schemes. In that case, Justice Bean opined that the Ombudsman exercises very wide discretion under which the Ombudsman can permit a public adversarial hearing in order to educe facts. However such discretionary power of the Parliamentary Ombudsman or the Local Government Ombudsman is subject to Parliament discretion (R v Secretary of State for Pensions, on behalf of Bradley and others, 2007).   In the event of the occurrence of maladministration or failure to provide service the Ombudsman intervenes and decides the further course of action to be undertaken for effecting redressal. Despite the fact that the decisions of the Ombudsman are final, the courts can initiate a judicial review on these decisions (Principles of Good Administration).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Ombudsman comes to the rescue of individuals in order to provide redressal of their complaints against the activities of the government agencies’ activities and other entities. Several types of Ombudsmen are established by legislation. The foremost amongst them is the Parliamentary Commissioner.   There are other authorities who act as ombudsmen such as the Health Service Commissioners who deal with complaints lodged against the Health Service and the Local Commissioners or Local Government Ombudsmen who investigate complaints against local authorities. They resolve complaints by making the necessary recommendations to the departments against whom the complaints had been lodged. They can make public recommendations but they do not possess the power to enforce such recommendations. The Parliamentary Commissioner inquires only into complaints, which are lodged by a Member of Parliament. The general public can approach the Local Government Ombudsmen directly or through a local representative. Individuals are initially required to bring their complaints to a Councillor or an MP. Subsequently, if no action is initiated or if the action initiated is unsatisfactory then the complaint is forwarded to the Ombudsman (Ombudsman, 2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is the responsibility of the Members of Parliament to ensure that the general public has access to relevant authorities, in order to secure redress for maladministration or poor service. However, if they fail to get satisfactory redress or action from those mechanisms then they can approach the Ombudsmen (The Ombudsman – who are her customers?).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ombudsmen can resolve most of the complaints received by them. Efforts have been undertaken in the United Kingdom to attain a general cooperation among several Ombudsmen. There are certain barriers to this laudable objective. Some Ombudsmen are affiliated to the outdated legislative framework, their actions are subject to legislation and there is no direct access. The MPs have to forward complaints to the Ombudsmen if problems arise with public servants. Hence, the citizens need to have direct access to the office of Ombudsmen. There are a number of problems in reforming institutional aspects, in the context of the devolution and decentralization of powers. In the present scenario of multi agency service provision, a coherent complaint handling procedure is urgently needed (The Ombudsman – who are her customers?).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to eliminate potential restraints, there should be a Cabinet Office review of the activities and responsibilities of public sector ombudsmen. There should be institutional reform and the legislative framework should be modified to suit modern day challenges with regard to the operational scope of the Ombudsman (The Ombudsman – who are her customers?).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The House of Commons Public Administration Select Committee or the PACS had acrimoniously criticised several departments for maladministration and inefficiency. Some of these departments were the Immigration and Nationality Directorate, the Child Support Agency and the Legal Services Commission. In its report, based on the findings of the Parliamentary Ombudsman, the PACS pointed out a number of shortcomings in government bodies. The report criticised the obsolete IT systems of these departments, their failure and unanticipated delays in responding to questions relating to the Hinduja brothers’ case and the queries raised by the Member of Parliament, Peter Mandelson (Public Administration Select Committee).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The PACS pointed out the failures of administration, departmental apathy and the negative influence of political parties on the administrative process. It also exhorted the Government to respond to the report and initiate immediate action (Public Administration Select Committee).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Home Office was also criticised for its reluctant and indifferent behaviour towards the Code on Access to Government Information. The Home Office had failed to carry out a decision of the Ombudsman when the latter ruled that the former had to reveal information regarding the number of times Ministers had declared their interests. This was the first time that a government department had refused to comply with the Ombudsman’s ruling. The PACS considered this to be a dangerous development. The Committee criticised the then Cabinet Secretary for failing to disclose the information on the specious claim that it was beyond the purview of the Ombudsman (Public Administration Select Committee).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Home Office was further criticised for its indifferent response to the Ombudsman’s inquiries and his request for papers that relate to the case of the Hinduja brothers and Peter Mandelson MP. There were several repeated failures to reply to the Ombudsman’s letters coupled with extraordinary delays and the supply of incorrect and unrelated files to the Ombudsman Office. As such, it could be construed as a conspiracy to withhold the called for information and constituted an administrative failure in the Home Office. The PACS had recommended to the Government that it should immediately initiate action to correct such maladministration and to reform the entire Ombudsman system (Public Administration Select Committee).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The number of complaints with regard to tax credits, to the Parliamentary Ombudsman is gradually increasing. Nearly twenty – six percent of the total complaints pertain to tax credits. They fall under three categories, namely, the design of the system, mishandling and failures in handling complaints and unjust recovery of overpayments (Ombudsman says that HMRC is in danger of Getting it Wrong on Tax Credits, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The designing part of the system is a process which Parliament and the government have to consider. The principles of the annualised system are difficult to comprehend by the individuals. Under the present system, overpayments and underpayments are inevitable and take place despite the best possible administration. This leads to the dissatisfaction among individuals and gives rise to several complaints. Such dissatisfaction and distress are often experienced by the low income group families, who are required to return the debts unexpectedly. In some cases, they may be required to repay the debt after a long period of time had elapsed (Ombudsman says that HMRC is in danger of Getting it Wrong on Tax Credits, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The British Constitution had provided an important position to the Parliamentary Ombudsman. The fundamental role of the Ombudsman is to provide efficient and productive redress to the complainants against acts of maladministration by the government bodies. In achieving this efficient alternative redress provider status, the Parliamentary Ombudsman requires mutual cooperation between several departments and the office of the Ombudsman. However, the reality is otherwise and resistance and apathy are exhibited by several governments department, while responding to the inquiries of the office of the Ombudsman. For instance, during the period 2005 to 2006 the Parliamentary Ombudsman was compelled to submit a special report when the findings of the Ombudsmen were rejected by several government departments (Kirkhamn, Sep2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Parliamentary Ombudsman submitted a special report with regard to the investigation in to the proceedings of the ex gratia schemes for the British groups engaged by the Japanese during the World War II. The Special Report was submitted to the Parliament under section 10(3) of the Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967. This report discussed the Parliamentary Ombudsman’s powers and their legal aspects in quite some detail. It also discussed the functions of the ombudsman and its powers in interpreting the inquiry process. It also focussed on the power of ombudsman to investigate acts of maladministration by government bodies. In one particular instance, the Ministry of Defence had challenged the authority of the ombudsman in investigating claims of maladministration against it and held that this constitute trespass into its authority. This Ministry contended that such a prerogative was solely the province of the courts and not that of the ombudsman (Kirkhamn, Sep2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This Special Report clearly established the authority of the government bodies and public authorities and the extent to which the ombudsman could conduct investigations into their alleged acts of maladministration. The conclusion to be reached from these developments is that the parliamentary ombudsman has become more or less redundant and does not serve any useful purpose. Moreover, this body cannot compel any government department to comply with its decisions (Kirkhamn, Sep2006). Another drawback with the ombudsman system is that the person, who lodges a complaint, has to wait for a considerable period of time, prior to any decision being taken with regard to the complaint. A number of cases were observed to have been abandoned by the complainants due to this inordinate delay. In comparison, the judicial process is much faster. Moreover, the ombudsman system cannot compel the government bodies to accept its decision. On an average, the time taken to take a decision by the ombudsman, in respect of a complaint, was around two years (Caplan, 2006. P. 203). References Caplan, R. (2006. P. 203). International Governance of War – Torn Territories: Rule and Reconstruction. Oxford University Press. Kirkhamn, R. (Sep2006). Challenging the Authority of the Ombudsman: The Parliamentary Ombudsman’s Special Report onWartime Detainees. Modern Law Review , Vol. 69 Issue 5, p792-818, 27p; DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2230.2006.00610.x; (AN 21979909). Ministerial Accountability And Parliamentary Questions. (n.d.). Retrieved November 25, 2007, from http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmpubadm/1086/108603.htm Ombudsman. (2004). Retrieved November 25, 2007, from In Dictionary of Politics and Government: http://www.credoreference.com/entry/6505736 Ombudsman says that HMRC is in danger of Getting it Wrong on Tax Credits. (2007, June). Retrieved November 25, 2007, from Press release: http://www.ombudsman.org.uk/news/press_releases/pr2007_06.html Parry, K. (2004, June 8). Ombudsman decisions: right of appeal. Retrieved November 25, 2007, from Parliament & Constitution Centre Standard Note: SN/PC/3079: http://www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/notes/snpc-03079.pdf Principles of Good Administration. (n.d.). Retrieved November 24, 2007, from http://www.ombudsman.org.uk/pdfs/pga.pdf Public Administration Select Committee. (n.d.). Pasc Attacks â€Å"Disturbing† Evidence Of Government Administrative Failure. Retrieved November 25, 2007, from Session 2002-03. Press Notice No.8: http://www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_committees/public_administration_select_committee/pasc_pn_8.cfm R v Secretary of State for Pensions, on behalf of Bradley and others, (2007) EWHC 242 Admin (2007). The Ombudsman – who are her customers? (n.d.). Retrieved November 25, 2007, from http://www.bioa.org.uk/otherinfo/AnnAbraham-LakemanLecture.pdf